![]() ![]() belbahrii sensu lato detection on coleus ( Plectranthus spp.) in Brazil was reported in 2019. In the scientific literature, Australia has been listed as a host country as early as 2015 however, no records of detections could be traced. ![]() Within 6 months, the disease was present along the eastern seaboard from north Queensland to Victoria, South Australia and the Northern Territory. Until 2017, the disease was considered exotic to Australia, when it has been reported from South-east Queensland. Last Asian report is from Korea, where it has been first observed in November 2015 on sweet basil plants growing in plastic greenhouses in Gwangmyeong. Recently, it has been found in China in July 2014 on basil on the island of Hainan in Sanya City and in 2016 in the Shunyi and Daxing districts of Beijing which is concerned as first report in mainland China. In Israel, it was firstly found in December 2011 near Bet She’an, and in 2012 the disease has been spread throughout the country to all basil-growing areas. In the spring of 2009, it has been found in Taiwan in the field of Nantu and Yunlin. A year later, in April 2007, it has been found in Japan on coleus plants cultivated in a greenhouse in Chiba Prefecture (Honshu). įirst report in Asia was in Iran, where a severe outbreak of downy mildew was observed in sweet basil fields in 2006. In 2011, it was reported in Hawaii for the first time and in Mexico in 2015. This disease was also reported in Argentina in February 2008 and Canada in 2011. Interesting is founding in 2008 on basil plants produced in various nurseries in Sebastopol, Sonoma County because trace-back investigation revealed that the seeds had originated from Italy. Since its first detection in the United States, it has been observed on basil in at least 42 states. In the United States, downy mildew of basil is considered as relatively new disease but the pathogen has been detected in October 2007 in South Florida. In 2016, it has been reported from Spain on basil collected from the island of Tenerife (Islas Canarias) and afterwards was also noted that has been causing severe symptoms and economic losses in Almería, Andalucía. ‘Chocolate Mint’) but in 2016 has been shown that the pathogen causing coleus downy mildew is P. In 2014, it was found again in United Kingdom but in several plants of coleus ( Solenostemon scutellarioides cv. ![]() It was reported from Czech Republic in 2012 as well as from Cyprus. In 2010, a significant incidence of downy mildew was reported in Hungary at two plant stands at Budapest-Soroksár and Tordasal though a similar disease had been observed in 2003 in a greenhouse at Albertirsa. In summer 2009, it was detected in United Kingdom in Agastache (hyssop) plants ( Agastache mexicana and Agastache sp.) at Wisley gardens (Surrey) and on the summer of 2010 in protected basil plants in south-east England. ![]() In the same year, it was found in Belgium, but there are no data about the first detection.Īfter those first European reports, the pathogen was rapidly spread through Europe. In 2004, it was found in France on some basil crops near Saint Tropez (Southern France). After that, the disease was detected in Italy in 2003 on sweet basil in several greenhouses located in Liguria region (Northern Italy). įirst report from Europe was in 2001 from Switzerland where it was observed in greenhouses. lamii from where it is assumed to have originated on sweet basil. Downy mildew of basil was first reported in 1932 from Uganda, Africa as Peronospora spp. (alternatively Labiaceae Dulac) which except field farming is also grown as a specialty crop in greenhouses. Downy mildew caused by Peronospora belbahrii Thines is one of the most destructive diseases of sweet basil ( Ocimum basilicum) of the family Lamiaceae Lindl. ![]()
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